It is a very common bacterial infection that is spread by having sex with an infected partner.
What causes it?
The bacterium called Chlamydia trachomatis causes it.
In men, complications caused by chlamydia are uncommon. But if untreated, it may lead to painful inflammation of the testicles, which can cause infertility.
What are the common symptoms?
In many cases, there are no noticeable symptoms, but when symptoms appear, they are similar to those of gonorrhoea.
For men, the most likely symptoms are:
A discharge from penis
Pain or burning feeling while passing water
Need to pass water more often
Irritation or an itching feeling inside the penis
For women, possible symptoms are:
A slight increase in vaginal discharge
Pain or burning feeling while passing water
Need to pass water more often
Irregular periods
Pain during sex
What are the complications?
In men, complications caused by chlamydia are uncommon. But if untreated, it may lead to painful inflammation of the testicles, which can cause infertility.
In women, chlamydia can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease and cause infertility if not properly treated. Pregnant women may pass the infection to their baby, giving the baby an eye or lung infection.
For both men and women, chlamydia can cause Reiters syndrome, which involves inflammation of the eyes, joints and urethra.
How can I prevent it?
Practise safer sex behaviour can reduce the risk of infection:
Have sex with only one partner who is not infected and who is having sex only with you.
Use condom properly.
How do I find out if I have chlamydia?
You need to be examined by a doctor. Chlamydia can be diagnosed by a swab taken from place which may be infected, or by a urine sample. Your sexual partner must also be tested for the disease.
What is the treatment?
Chlamydia can be effectively treated with antibiotics. It is important to take all the prescribed tablets; otherwise infection may not be properly cured. Sexual partners who could have been infected should be treated at the same time. If not, you may be infected again.
Sexual intercourse should be avoided until you and your partner(s) have finished all the medication and been treated.
To ensure the infection has been cured, you have to return to your doctor or clinic for a follow-up.
How can I help myself?
Chlamydia can be a serious disease that can affect your fertility. It must be thoroughly treated. Do not treat yourself; it may harm you and your sexual partner.
If you have any suspicions, you should seek medical advice.
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